From Mythological Epics to Futuristic Narratives: Indian Cinema’s Role in Bridging Traditional Knowledge Systems and NEP 2020 Vision for a Viksit Bharat

Abstract

Indian cinema, from its inception, has been deeply rooted in traditional knowledge systems (IKS), drawing inspiration from mythological and historical epics. Over time, the cinematic landscape has evolved, reflecting India’s aspirations for a technologically advanced future. This paper examines how Indian cinema bridges the gap between its traditional roots and the futuristic vision laid out in the National Education Policy (NEP) 2020, which envisions a “Viksit Bharat” by 2047. By analyzing films such as Mahabharat (1965), Ramayana: The Legend of Prince Rama (1992), Bajirao Mastani (2015), and Tanhaji (2020), alongside futuristic narratives like Robot (Enthiran) (2010), Ra. One (2011), PK (2014), and 2.0 (2018), this study explores how Indian filmmakers weave traditional narratives with modern technological advancements.

The research employs content and thematic analysis to investigate how these films reflect and promote traditional values, while simultaneously engaging with futuristic discourses of technology, societal progress, and national development. Theoretically, the study is grounded in cultural nationalism, which posits that cinema is a crucial tool in promoting national identity and values (Rajadhyaksha, 2009). Additionally, the concept of Sanskritization (Srinivas, 1956) is applied to explore how modern filmmakers adapt traditional mythologies to resonate with contemporary audiences, aligning their narratives with the broader goals of NEP 2020.

The analysis reveals that while mythological and historical films re establish cultural pride and identity, futuristic films offer a vision of technological and social advancement in line with NEP 2020’s focus on holistic education and innovation. By engaging with both tradition and futurism, Indian cinema plays a significant role in shaping the socio cultural and educational landscape of India, preparing for its development goals by 2047. This study contributes to the understanding of cinema as a medium that not only reflects societal changes but also acts as an agent of cultural continuity and futuristic vision.